AquaPen-P AP 110-P

AQUAPENS MEASURE

• Ft - continuous fluorescence yield in non-actinic light. Ft is equivalent to F₀ if the leaf sample is dark-adapted.
• QY - photosystem II Quantum Yield. QY is equivalent to Fv/Fm in the dark-adapted samples and to Fv'/Fm' in the light-adapted samples.
• OJIP - Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction Kinetics. The OJIP curves enable observing major changes that occur during exposure of plants to high irradiance.
• NPQ - Non-Photochemical Quenching. The NPQ protocol is the most typically used measuring approach to quantify photochemical and nonphotochemical quenching. The measurement should be performed with a dark-adapted sample.
• Light Curve (QY) - Photosystem II Quantum Yield estimated from fluorescence that is measured sequentially in several different light levels.
• Optical Density (only AquaPen-C) : by two IR LEDs (720 nm, 680 nm)